爬虫——python爬取京东商品用户评价

以小米手环7为例，分别爬取小米手环7用户评价中的好评、中评、差评

使用工具：PyCharm Community

需要python库：requests

安装方法：File–>Settings–>Project –>Python Interpreter

代码如下：

好评：

import requests
if __name__ == "__main__":
    #爬取好评100页
    for page in range(0,100):
        url = 'https://club.jd.com/comment/productPageComments.action'
        param = {
            'productId': '100039939514',
            'score': '3',       #好评score
            'sortType': '5',
            'page': page,
            'pageSize': '10',
            'isShadowSku': '0',
            'fold': '1',
        }
    #UA伪装
        headers = {
            'cookie': 'shshshfpa=353c3350-9f6e-c6e4-75c2-e45fb0638a20-1677122793; shshshfpb=cYvrYbQje1MA2t7vxC5UUEw; __jdv=76161171|direct|-|none|-|1679360388347; __jdu=1677051379551729066919; areaId=14; PCSYCityID=CN_340000_340100_0; shshshfpx=353c3350-9f6e-c6e4-75c2-e45fb0638a20-1677122793; __jda=122270672.1677051379551729066919.1677051379.1677240645.1679360388.14; __jdc=122270672; jsavif=1; shshshfp=560297ae18037fe111337616ab2a555f; token=06336cfeaa30940f5c417f6798e29f98,2,932978; __tk=115a0c213a52a38c2ce94507d97fc721,2,932978; ipLoc-djd=14-1116-3431-57939; 3AB9D23F7A4B3C9B=T6XOSS2CQO2OX3CXET3VGDVF7I5HMHLXB4ZJR7Y73ZLZJCFPBJOSJNGAPFVEW5DQB6OJQEHGFPLPICSY2LRQX6UUGM; jwotest_product=99; CA1AN5BV0CA8DS2EPC=166bb245180140fcb233e32ead6800cb; PCA9D23F7A4B3CSS=7fe8a2d8af887bd902df1a00848ab151; 3AB9D23F7A4B3CSS=jdd03T6XOSS2CQO2OX3CXET3VGDVF7I5HMHLXB4ZJR7Y73ZLZJCFPBJOSJNGAPFVEW5DQB6OJQEHGFPLPICSY2LRQX6UUGMAAAAMHAHEIWMQAAAAACMTZKWKC62MG3AX; _gia_d=1; shshshsID=55c4b556288dea72398a8eb93ef6dc03_8_1679362134063; __jdb=122270672.9.1677051379551729066919|14.1679360388; JSESSIONID=D6FE691B40A1D1D5386BAA5EDD77C29D.s1',
            'referer': 'https://item.jd.com/',
            'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
        }
        response = requests.get(url=url, params=param, headers=headers)
        for index in response.json()['comments']:
            content = index['content']
            print(content)
            with open('good_comments2.txt', mode='a', encoding='utf-8') as fp:
                fp.write(content)
                fp.write('n')

中评：

import requests
if __name__ == "__main__":
    #爬取中评55页
    for page in range(0,55):
        url = 'https://club.jd.com/comment/productPageComments.action'
        param = {
            'productId': '100023000435',
            'score': '2',     #中评score
            'sortType': '5',
            'page': page,
            'pageSize': '10',
            'isShadowSku': '0',
            'fold': '1',
        }
        headers = {
            'cookie': 'shshshfpa=353c3350-9f6e-c6e4-75c2-e45fb0638a20-1677122793; shshshfpb=cYvrYbQje1MA2t7vxC5UUEw; __jdv=76161171|direct|-|none|-|1679360388347; __jdu=1677051379551729066919; areaId=14; PCSYCityID=CN_340000_340100_0; shshshfpx=353c3350-9f6e-c6e4-75c2-e45fb0638a20-1677122793; __jda=122270672.1677051379551729066919.1677051379.1677240645.1679360388.14; __jdc=122270672; jsavif=1; shshshfp=560297ae18037fe111337616ab2a555f; token=06336cfeaa30940f5c417f6798e29f98,2,932978; __tk=115a0c213a52a38c2ce94507d97fc721,2,932978; ipLoc-djd=14-1116-3431-57939; 3AB9D23F7A4B3C9B=T6XOSS2CQO2OX3CXET3VGDVF7I5HMHLXB4ZJR7Y73ZLZJCFPBJOSJNGAPFVEW5DQB6OJQEHGFPLPICSY2LRQX6UUGM; jwotest_product=99; CA1AN5BV0CA8DS2EPC=166bb245180140fcb233e32ead6800cb; PCA9D23F7A4B3CSS=7fe8a2d8af887bd902df1a00848ab151; 3AB9D23F7A4B3CSS=jdd03T6XOSS2CQO2OX3CXET3VGDVF7I5HMHLXB4ZJR7Y73ZLZJCFPBJOSJNGAPFVEW5DQB6OJQEHGFPLPICSY2LRQX6UUGMAAAAMHAHEIWMQAAAAACMTZKWKC62MG3AX; _gia_d=1; shshshsID=55c4b556288dea72398a8eb93ef6dc03_8_1679362134063; __jdb=122270672.9.1677051379551729066919|14.1679360388; JSESSIONID=D6FE691B40A1D1D5386BAA5EDD77C29D.s1',
            'referer': 'https://item.jd.com/',
            'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
        }
        response = requests.get(url=url, params=param, headers=headers)
        for index in response.json()['comments']:
            content = index['content']
            with open('middle_comments.txt', mode='a', encoding='utf-8') as fp:
                fp.write(content)
                fp.write('n')

差评：

import requests
if __name__ == "__main__":
     #爬取差评69页
    for page in range(0,69):
        url = 'https://club.jd.com/comment/productPageComments.action'
        param = {
            'productId': '100023203263',
            'score': '1',      #差评score
            'sortType': '5',
            'page': page,
            'pageSize': '10',
            'isShadowSku': '0',
            'fold': '1',
        }
        headers = {
            'cookie': 'shshshfpa=353c3350-9f6e-c6e4-75c2-e45fb0638a20-1677122793; shshshfpb=cYvrYbQje1MA2t7vxC5UUEw; __jdv=76161171|direct|-|none|-|1679360388347; __jdu=1677051379551729066919; areaId=14; PCSYCityID=CN_340000_340100_0; shshshfpx=353c3350-9f6e-c6e4-75c2-e45fb0638a20-1677122793; __jda=122270672.1677051379551729066919.1677051379.1677240645.1679360388.14; __jdc=122270672; jsavif=1; shshshfp=560297ae18037fe111337616ab2a555f; token=06336cfeaa30940f5c417f6798e29f98,2,932978; __tk=115a0c213a52a38c2ce94507d97fc721,2,932978; ipLoc-djd=14-1116-3431-57939; 3AB9D23F7A4B3C9B=T6XOSS2CQO2OX3CXET3VGDVF7I5HMHLXB4ZJR7Y73ZLZJCFPBJOSJNGAPFVEW5DQB6OJQEHGFPLPICSY2LRQX6UUGM; jwotest_product=99; CA1AN5BV0CA8DS2EPC=166bb245180140fcb233e32ead6800cb; PCA9D23F7A4B3CSS=7fe8a2d8af887bd902df1a00848ab151; 3AB9D23F7A4B3CSS=jdd03T6XOSS2CQO2OX3CXET3VGDVF7I5HMHLXB4ZJR7Y73ZLZJCFPBJOSJNGAPFVEW5DQB6OJQEHGFPLPICSY2LRQX6UUGMAAAAMHAHEIWMQAAAAACMTZKWKC62MG3AX; _gia_d=1; shshshsID=55c4b556288dea72398a8eb93ef6dc03_8_1679362134063; __jdb=122270672.9.1677051379551729066919|14.1679360388; JSESSIONID=D6FE691B40A1D1D5386BAA5EDD77C29D.s1',
            'referer': 'https://item.jd.com/',
            'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
        }
        response = requests.get(url=url, params=param, headers=headers)
        for index in response.json()['comments']:
            content = index['content']
            with open('bad_comments.txt', mode='a', encoding='utf-8') as fp:
                fp.write(content)
                fp.write('n')

其中重要参数来源：

打开开发者工具，快捷键F12键，或鼠标右键–>检查–>网络

url = ‘https://club.jd.com/comment/productPageComments.action’

不包括？号后参数

param参数：

headers:标头–>请求标头：cookie、referer、user-agent